Is it possible to view others’ transactions in bitcoin client?

This seems like a really basic question, but I’m having trouble searching for answers on it. My understanding is that my bitcoin client (Bitcoin v0.7.1-beta) has basically theoretically downloaded the entire transaction history of every bitcoin transaction that has ever occurred. I can see my own transactions in the Transactions screen. Is there a way to see transaction with wallets that I haven’t imported or created on this client? I’m just trying to get a full understanding of bitcoin technology here. Is the reason the client doesn’t show transactions from other wallets due to:

  1. User friendliness – it would be overwhelming to have to search through all wallet addresses when most people only care about their own (is there a way to override that?);
  2. Technical limitations – it’s impractical to consider every transaction in the huge database when you want to list or look up some particular piece of information;
  3. Design limitations – Not every transaction is actually there with all the information necessary;
  4. Privacy concerns – By making it too easy to view others’ transactions people would yell out about privacy more vocally;
  5. Something I missed?

How to transfer funds from Bitstamp to a personal wallet?

I converted EURs into BTCs at Bitstamp.net with SEPA (I live in the in EU), so now the BTCs are sitting on my Bitstamp account, but what’s the next step? How do I use and send these BTCs to an average 34 digit bitcoin address?

Could anyone write or explain step by step in nutshell what do I have to do, what other websites or programs do I have to use to transfer my bitcoins from Bitstamp to a 34 digit bitcoin address?

What are the possible ways of doing it?

Better or worse to mine multiple workers on one machine?

I use cgminer on Ubuntu 12.10 to mine bitcoins in the 50BTC pool. I have three workers set up. If I run multiple instances of cgminer, each targeted at their respective workers (1, 2, and 3), would this increase profits or just waste power?

I notice this because cgminer only uses about 80-90% of my GPU (Radeon HD 6570) anyway.